Migration & Human Rights: Pope Leo XIV urged “safe and legal pathways” for migrants in a major address to Spain’s parliament, calling migration a “tragic drama” and linking peace to ethical responsibility. South Africa Border Crackdown: President Ramaphosa said most foreign nationals in South Africa are not criminals, while the government pushes a tougher, “comprehensive” migration management plan amid xenophobic pressure. EU Politics & Armenia: Russia accused Armenia’s election of being held under “unprecedented pressure” on the opposition, while European leaders backed deeper Armenia-EU ties after Pashinyan’s win. China–North Korea: Xi Jinping began a rare visit to Pyongyang, pledging deeper strategic cooperation as trade rebounds and ties with Moscow deepen. Europe–China Trade: EU leaders face fresh pressure to harden their trade stance toward China over industrial overcapacity and a widening goods deficit. Climate & Oceans: World Environment Day and World Oceans Day themes drove local action, from river and beach cleanups to marine protection efforts. Aviation & Fuel Costs: IATA warned airline profits could be cut in half as Middle East conflict lifts jet fuel prices and squeezes margins. Finance & Credit: Fitch upgraded South Africa’s sovereign rating to BB, citing prudent fiscal management, even as growth remains weak. Business & Regulation: India’s SEBI order against Rajesh Exports triggered a sharp market hit, spotlighting governance and accounting concerns.