Global Armed Conflicts Reach Highest Level Since WWII, Study Finds
According to the study, there are currently 65 state-based conflicts involving at least one government actor, marking the largest figure recorded since systematic tracking began in 1946. Researchers also estimate that approximately 245,000 people were killed in combat-related violence over the past year, placing it among the most lethal recent periods globally.
The report describes the current international landscape as increasingly fragmented, noting what it calls an “unprecedented” level of simultaneous warfare driven by both longstanding disputes and newly escalated confrontations. Key examples highlighted include the ongoing war in Ukraine, the conflict in Gaza, and the civil war in Sudan.
The study also points to a sharp rise in interstate conflicts, which reportedly doubled compared to the previous year, reaching eight in 2025. These include clashes involving India and Pakistan, Afghanistan and Pakistan, as well as Cambodia and Thailand.
Researchers noted that the conflicts are spread across 35 countries, with several states involved in multiple simultaneous wars. Israel, for instance, is reported to be engaged in overlapping conflict dynamics involving Gaza, Syria, Lebanon, Iran, and Yemen. Other countries, including Myanmar, Pakistan, and Nigeria, are also experiencing more than one active conflict.
Regionally, Africa remains the most affected by state-based violence, followed by Asia, the Middle East, the Americas, and Europe. The report further estimates that more than 930,000 people have died in state-based conflicts since 2021, a toll comparable to that of the previous two decades combined.
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